Electrical properties:-
to differentiate between insulator, conductor, and semiconductor.
magnetic properties:-
magnets are ferromagnetic materials to know about para, Dio, Ferro, we need these properties.
Thermal properties:-
to now which solid is a thermal insulator or thermal conductor.
Mechanical properties:-
to know which solid is mechanically strong.
optical/ optoelectronics properties:-
which material is required to make a scalar sale is decided by optical properties.
Unit Cell:-
ideal crystal is infinite in dimensions but real crystals cannot be infinite.
nothing can be ideal to its must-have finite dimension.
the unit cell is the smallest unit of the Crystal or lattice which on continuous repetition can generate the whole lattice.
this is representative of lattice or crystal structure.
if we want to construct The crystal structure then we have to arrange the unit cells side by side.
Grain can contain a large number of unit cells.
The unit cell is of two types;
👉 primitive
👉 non-primitive
primitive:
lattice points are belonging only to the corners unit cells.
OR
The effective number of lattice points per unit cell is one.
Non-primitive:
lattice points are belonging to the corners as well as to the other position of the unit cell.
OR
the effective number of lattice points is more than one.
1 atom basis Each lattice point well contains 1 atom
2 atom basis Each lattice point well contains 2 atom
( size of current cells lattice constant or lattice parameter)
a primitive cell can have more than 1 atom but I have only 1 lattice point.
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