Solid State Physics book second Edition by H.P.Myers

Solid State Physics book second Edition by H.P.Myers

 

COURSE CONTENTS: 

Some Relevant Physical Constants and Conversion Factors xi

Preface to First Edition xii

Preface to Second Edition xiv

Introduction 1

1 The Materials and Methods of Solid-State Physics 7

1.1 Phenomena and materials 7

1.2 The periodic table 13

1.3 The potential energy 18

1.4 Crystal binding and valence charge distributions 20

References 26

Further reading 26

2 Crystallography 28

2.1 Lattices 28

2.2 Crystal planes 32

2.3 Crystal projections 40

2.4 The reciprocal lattice 40

References 45

Further reading 45

Problems 46

3 Diffraction 48

3.1 Theoretical background 48

3.2 The atomic form factor 53

3.3 The structure factor 53

3.4 Experimental details 57

3.5 Electron and neutron diffraction 62

3.6 Non-periodic structures 63

3.7 Icosahedral structures 66

References 76

Further reading 77

Problems 77

4 Defects in Crystals 81

4.1 Mechanical properties 81

4.2 Dislocations 85

4.3 Mechanical behavior of non-metals 101

4.4 Point defects 102

References 113

Further reading 113

Problems 113

5 Lattice Vibrations 116

5.1 The Einstein model 116

5.2 The Debye model 119

5.3 The continuous solid 121

5.4 The linear lattice 123

5.5 Counting modes 128

5.6 The Debye model revisited 134

5.7 Acoustic and optical modes 136

5.8 Attenuation 138

5.9 Phonons and quantization 139

5.10 Brillouin zones 140

5.11 Inelastic neutron scattering 142

5.12 Thermal properties 144

References 150

Further reading 151

Problems 151

6 Metallic Behaviour and the Free Electron Gas 154

6.1 Fundamental properties of the free electron gas 155

6.2 Numerical values of kF, EF, N(E)  159

6.3 Comparison with experiment 162

6.4 Electrical properties 172

6.5 Optical properties 175

6.6 The Hall effect 180

6.7 Thermal conductivity 183

6.8 Final comments 187

References 195

Problems 195

7 The Periodic Potential 199

7.1 Electrons in free atoms and in solids 199

7.2 The energy gap 200

7.3 Brillouin zones and electrical conductivity 204

7.4 Two-dimensional lattices 207

7.5 Three-dimensional lattices 211

7.6 Solution in-plane waves 213

7.7 The empty lattice and simple metals 217

7.8 Core states and band states 220

7.9 The transition metals and d states 223

7.10 The coinage metals Cu, Ag, Au 228

7.11 The rare earth metals 229

7.12 The actinide metals 233

Appendix 7.1 The nearly free electron approximation 234

References 237

Further reading 237

Problems 237

8 The Cohesion of Pure Metals 239

8.1 The simpler metals 239

8.2 The transition metals 241

8.3 post-transition metals 243

8.4 The rare earth metals 244

Reference 245

9 Some Physical Properties of Metals 246

9.1 The Fermi surface 246

9.2 Thermal properties 255

9.3 Magnetic susceptibility 259

9.4 Spectroscopic studies 260

9.5 Electronic structure of certain alloys 271

9.6 Electrical resistance 284

9.7 The positive hole 298

9.8 Electrons and holes 300

References 306

Further reading 306

Problems 307

10 Semiconductors 309

10.1 Intrinsic behavior 309

10.2 Band structure of Ge and Si 315

10.3 Doped semiconductors 320

10.4 Extrinsic behavior 322

10.5 The Hall mobility 328

10.6 Oxide semiconductors 329

10.7 Amorphous semiconductors 330

10.8 New semiconducting materials 336

10.9 The pn junction 339

10.10 The semiconductor laser 342

10.11 The quantized Hall effect 346

10.12 Organic semiconductors 351

References 357

Further reading 357

Problems 357

11 Magnetism 361

11.1 Diamagnetism 362

11.2 Atomic magnetic moments: paramagnetism 363

11.3 The ideal magnetic gas: classical model 368

11.4 The ideal magnetic gas: quantum model 372

11.5 Ferromagnetism 382

11.6 Negative interactions 394

11.7 Exchange interactions: Heisenberg interaction 402

11.8 Neutrons and magnetism 404

11.9 The magnetization curve: hysteresis 405

11.10 Magnetism and computers 420

Appendix 11.1 The atomic magnetic moment and the Landé splitting factor 424

Appendix 11.2 The atomic moment and the Bohr magneton 426

Appendix 11.3 Hund’s rules 426

Appendix 11.4 First-and second-order phase transitions 427

References 428

Further reading 429

Problems 429

12 Dielectric Media 431

12.1 The free atom 431

12.2 The local electric field 433

12.3 Clausius-Mossotti formula 435

12.4 Frequency dependence of ε 436

12.5 Ferroelectrics 448

12.6 Band structure of ionic compounds 451

References 453

Problems 453

13 Superconductivity 455

13.1 The Meissner effect 460

13.2 Perfect diamagnetism and stability of the S state 462

13.3 The heat capacity 464

13.4 The London equation: J=−(ne2/m) A 466

13.5 The coherence length 468

13.6 The surface energy 471

13.7 The BCS theory 474

13.8 Interacting pairs 475

13.9 The condensate 477

13.10 Energy spectrum for single-particle excitations

(quasiparticles) 480

13.11 Giaever tunneling 483

13.12 Phase and momentum 486

13.13 Flux quantization 487

13.14 Josephson tunneling 488

13.15 High-temperature superconductivity 495

References 501

Further reading 501

Problems 501

14 Aspects of Surface Physics 503

14.1 Introduction 503

14.2 Two-dimensional Bravais lattices 504

14.3 Determination of surface structure 505

14.4 Overlayer structures 512

14.5 Surface vibrations 515

14.6 The work function 519

14.7 Surface plasmons 521

14.8 Surface electronic structures and adsorbed molecules 522

References 526

Further reading 526

15 The Nucleus and Solid-State Physics 527

15.1 The nucleus and magnetic and quadrupole effects 527

15.2 Nuclear levels and thermal equilibrium 528

15.3 Nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR 531

15.4 The nuclear heat capacity 536

15.5 Nuclear anti ferromagnetism 539

15.6 Mossbauer spectroscopy 542

References 550

Further reading 550

Answers to Problems 551

Index 559

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